The traditional view of learning, ie picking up a new skill from someone else and applying it to a problem, is somewhat out of date in our complex or even chaotic world.
Firstly, if you are part of an organisation delivering training, make sure the learning works for your audience. If unsure, solicit feedback. Show that you care about the people in the audience. Consideration for different learning styles should have no place in any of todays trainings. See https://www.psychologicalscience.org/journals/pspi/PSPI_9_3.pdf for a closer look on why. Everyone can learn, and people have a diverse set of preexisting experiences that can be taken into account but traditional learning styles is not one of them. Bad training will demotivate people and put a break on innovation.
Everyone should have a mental model of the problem domain they experience. If not, take a step back and form an initial model, acknowledging that the model will have flaws. Training would be most useful when evolving this model. Training could for example help people question the underlying assumptions of their models, reach new conclusions and verifying what is known. Evolve the model step by step by testing and verifying what is known and probing what is unknown. Cause and effect may still not be deterministic, but this can be a lesson and a property of the model too. Ensure that your model stays up to date with what you learn.
There are also old practices or features of your model that will not make sense anymore as conditions change over time. These will need to be unlearned. Unlearning is also learning.
Learn to question what is taught. Ask why. Stay up to date by reading, listening to podcasts and discussing with colleagues. Don't rely on a single source. Teach others what you learn, and stay curious.
For problems that are simple or for problems where cause and effect can be analysed by an expert to solicit a single highly constrained solution that is likely to work, traditional training still can have its role. For problems where no known solution exists something above this is required.
